The
city of Bursa, southeast of the Sea of Marmara, lies on the lower
slopes of Uludag (Mt. Olympos of Mysia, 2443 meters). The city derives
its name from its founder King Prusias, of Bithynia. Its previous antique
name was Prussa ad Hypium. It subsequently came under Roman, then Byzantine
rule before falling to Orhan Gazi in 1326, when it become the first capital
of the Ottoman Empire. Many important Ottoman buildings remain.
| Known
as "Green Bursa", the city is filled with gardens and parks and overlooks
a verdant plain. It is at the center of an important fruit growing region.
Bursa was and is still famus for its peaches, silk trade, towel manufacture
and thermal springs. Make a point to try the locally-created Iskender Kebap,
a dish of bread, tomato sauce, strips of grilled meat, melted butter and
yogurt. Candied chestnuts are another regional speciality. |
Carvanserai
|
A tour
of the city beginsin the eastern section at the Yesil turbe (Green Mausoleum).
Set in a garden and distinguished by its exterior paneling of tiles, the
mausoleum holds the tiled cenotaph of Sultan Mehmet 1. Across the street,
the Yesil Mosque of 1424 relects the new ottoman, as opposed to Seljuk,
aesthetic. A medrese nearby complates the complex and is also home to the
Ethnography
Museum. Before exploring this area, stop for a glass of tea in one
of the traditional tea houses. Going uphill, to the east, you pass by the
Emir Sultan Mosque in its delightful setting and after walking through
a district of old houses you reach the Yildirim Beyazit Mosque (1391).
Sogut
Ertugrul Gazi Mausoleum
|
Bursa
|
| |
|
| Now
make your wayto Cumhuriyet Square (known locally as heykel) and stroll
along Ataturk Avenue to koza park where outdoor cafes are set among flowers
and fountains. At the back of the park, a long building, the Koza Han
(1490), houses the silk cocoon trade. From here you proceed to the
covered bazaar area, with its narrow streets, caravanserais and bedesten.
On the other side of Koza Park satnds one of Bursa's oldest religious buildings,
the Orhan Gazi Mosque, built in 1413. Nearby is the large Ulu Mosque, constructed
in the Seljuk style. |
Koza
Han
|
| |
|
| A
finely carved walnut mimber (speaker's platform) and impressive calligraphic
panels decorate the mosque. The sadirvan (ablutionary fountain) lies uncharacteristicly
within the mosque itself under the ceiling of twenty domes. |
Silk
cocoons
|
Walking
west from the Ulu Mosque you arrive at Hisar, an old and picturesque quarter
of Bursa. In the park that overlooks the valley are the mausoleums of Osman,
the founder of the Ottoman Empire and his son Orhan Gazi, who commanded
the army that conquered Bursa. The cafes of the Tophane offer a good place
to stop for refreshment. It nearby Ressamlar Sokak (Painters' Street),
local artists work in the open air. At the Yildiz Park Tea Gardens in the
Muradiye quarter, you get a superb view of the Muradiye complex. The compound,
in a tranquil park-like setting, contains the Mosque of Sultan Murat II
(1426) built in the style of the Yesil Mosque and the tombs of Murat II,
Sehzade Cem and Sehzade Mustafa. These contain some of the loveliest decoration
and tile work. The nearby Ottoman House Museum is in a restored 17th century
dwelling that provides an interesting glimpse into the lives of wealthy
Ottomans.
Other
places of interest in Bursa include the Culture Park with the Bursa Archeological
Museum and the Ataturk Museum on the road to Cekirge.
Cekirge
Hot Springs
|
The
western suburb of Cekirge has been known since Roman times for its
warm springs rich in minerals. Many modern hotels have thermal bath facilities
or you can also visit the old hamams. Yeni kaplica (New Spring) was built
in 1552 by Rustem Pasa, the Grand Vizier Suleyman the Magnificent. |
|
|
Iskender
Kebap
|
The
Eski Kaplica (Old Spring), built on the site of the original Byzantine
baths, is the oldest bath. The karamustafa Pasabaths are reputed to have
the best hot mineral waters in the area. Buildings of interest in Cekirge
include the Mosque and Mausoleum of Murat I and the tomb of Suleyman celebi,
areligious poet.
The
monument to Karagoz commemorates the character whose humorous antics are
immortalized in Turkish shadow puppet theater. |
|